Optical Prisms
Ma Prism ndi magalasi olimba owoneka bwino omwe amakhala pansi ndikupukutidwa mu mawonekedwe a geometrical komanso owoneka bwino.Ngodya, malo, ndi kuchuluka kwa malo amathandizira kufotokozera mtundu ndi ntchito.Ma prism ndi midadada yamagalasi owoneka bwino okhala ndi malo opukutidwa athyathyathya pamakona oyendetsedwa bwino wina ndi mzake, mtundu uliwonse wa prism umakhala ndi ngodya inayake yomwe njira yopepuka imapindika.Ma prism amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupotoza, kuzungulira, kutembenuza, kubalalitsa kuwala kapena kusintha mawonekedwe a mtengowo.Ndiwothandiza popinda makina owoneka bwino kapena zithunzi zozungulira.Ma Prism atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza ndi kubweza zithunzi kutengera ntchito.Makamera a SLR ndi ma binoculars onse amagwiritsa ntchito ma prisms kuti atsimikizire kuti chithunzi chomwe mumachiwona chimakhala chofanana ndi chinthucho.Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kukumbukira posankha prism ndikuti mtengowo umayang'ana malo angapo mkati mwa optic, izi zikutanthauza kuti kutalika kwa njira yodutsa mu prism ndi yayitali kuposa momwe ingakhalire mkati mwagalasi.
Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya ma prisms yotengera ntchito zosiyanasiyana: ma prisms obalalika, kupatuka, kapena ma prisms owonetsa, ma prisms ozungulira, ndi ma prisms osuntha.Kupatuka, kusamuka, ndi ma prisms ozungulira ndizofala pamagwiritsidwe azojambula;dispersion prisms amapangidwa kuti azibalalitsa kuwala, chifukwa chake sizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chilichonse chomwe chimafuna zithunzi zabwino.Mtundu uliwonse wa prism uli ndi ngodya yapadera yomwe njira yowunikira imapindika.Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kukumbukira posankha prism ndikuti mtengowo umayang'ana malo angapo mkati mwa optic, izi zikutanthauza kutalika kwa njira ya kuwala ndi yayitali kuposa momwe ingakhalire ndi galasi.
Kubalalika Prisms
Kubalalika kwa prism kumadalira ma geometry a prism ndi curve yake yobalalika, kutengera kutalika kwa mawonekedwe ndi index ya refraction ya gawo lapansi la prism.Ngongole yapang'onopang'ono imayang'ana kagawo kakang'ono kwambiri pakati pa cheza cha zochitika ndi cheza chopatsirana.Kutalika kobiriwira kwa kuwala kumapatuka kuposa kufiira, ndi buluu kuposa zonse zofiira ndi zobiriwira;chofiira chimatanthauzidwa kuti 656.3nm, chobiriwira ngati 587.6nm, ndi buluu ngati 486.1nm.
Kupatuka, Kuzungulira, ndi Kusamuka kwa Prisms
Ma Prism omwe amapatuka panjira ya ray, kutembenuza chithunzicho, kapena kungochotsa chithunzicho kuchokera pamzere wake woyambirira ndizothandiza pamakina ambiri ojambula zithunzi.Kupatuka kwa Ray nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamakona a 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, ndi 180 °.Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa dongosolo kapena kusintha njira ya ray popanda kusokoneza dongosolo lonselo.Ma prism ozungulira, monga ma prism a nkhunda, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza chithunzi chikasinthidwa.Ma prism osasunthika amasunga njira ya ray, komabe amasintha ubale wake ndi wamba.
