Ukucaciswa komphezulu
Umgangatho womphezulu
Umgangatho we-optical surface isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa iimpawu zomphezulu wemveliso ye-optical kwaye igubungela inani lokungafezeki okufana nemikrwelo kunye nemigodi.Uninzi lwezi ziphene zomphezulu zizinto zokuthambisa kuphela kwaye azichaphazeli kakhulu ukusebenza kwenkqubo, nangona, zinokubangela ukudipha okuncinci kwindlela yokuphuma kwenkqubo kunye nokusasazwa okucolekileyo kokukhanya okuthe saa.Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindawo ziya kuba buthathaka ngakumbi kule miphumo, njenge: iindawo ezineeplanethi zemifanekiso, apho ezi ziphene zingadala ukugxila, kunye neendawo ezinamaqondo aphezulu ombane, apho oku kungafezeki kunokunyusa ukufunxa amandla kunye nokutshabalalisa imveliso ye-optical.Ezona nkcukacha zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumgangatho womphezulu kukukrwela kunye nokucaciswa komngxuma oboniswe yi-MIL-PRF-13830B.Amagama omkrwelo amiselwa ngokuthelekisa imikrwelo kumphezulu kuthotho lwemikrwelo eqhelekileyo ebonelelwa phantsi kweemeko zokukhanyisa ezilawulwayo.Ke, endaweni yokuchaza imikrwelo eyinyani yayo, igama lomkrwelo liyithelekisa nemikrwelo eqhelekileyo esekwe kwiinkcukacha ze-MIL.Amagama emingxuma, nangona kunjalo, anxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo namanqaku okanye imingxuma kumphezulu.Amagama emingxuma abalwa ngokwahlula i-diameter yomngxuma kwi-microns nge-10. Ngokwesiqhelo i-scratch pit specication phakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-50 iya kuthathwa njengomgangatho oqhelekileyo, phakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-40 iya kuba ngumgangatho ochanekileyo, kwaye phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-10 iya kuthathwa njengokuchaneka okuphezulu. umgangatho.
Umphezulu othe tyaba
p>Ukuthe tyaba komphezulu luhlobo lwenkcazelo elinganisa ukuchaneka komphezulu, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukutenxa kwemiphezulu emcaba njengezipili, amaqhekeza efestile,iiprisms, okanye izibuko ezicaba.Ungalinganisa oku kunxaxha usebenzisa ikristale ekhanyayo, ekumgangatho ophezulu, inqwelomoya yesalathiso echanekileyo ephezulu esetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ukuguda kweesampulu.Xa i-plane yemveliso ye-optical phantsi kovavanyo ibekwe ngokubhekiselele kwi-optical, i-streaks ibonakala, imilo ebonisa ukuguquguquka komphezulu wemveliso ye-optical phantsi kovavanyo.Ukuba izintlu zibekwe ngokulinganayo kwaye zinemigca ethe tye ehambelanayo, ke indawo evavanyiweyo ye-optical surface ubuncinane ibe tyaba njengekristale yereferensi ye-optical flat.Ukuba imivumbo igobile, inani lemigca phakathi kwemigca emibini edayiweyo (umgca odayiweyo omnye othengileyo ukuya kumbindi womgca omnye kunye nomnye umgca odayiweyo odlula kwisiphelo somgca omnye) walatha kwimpazamo yokuguda.Ukunxaxha kubushelelezi ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa ngokwemilinganiselo ye-ripple (λ), equlunqwe ngamaza obude obuninzi bomthombo wovavanyo.Umgca omnye uhambelana ne-½ yobude bobude.Ukuguda kwe-1λ kubonisa umgangatho womgangatho ophakathi;ukugudisa kwe-λ/4 kubonisa umgangatho ochanekileyo;kunye nokuguda kwe-λ/20 kubonisa umgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka.
Inombolo yokuvula
Inombolo yokuvula luhlobo lwengcaciso elinganisa ukuchaneka komphezulu, osebenzayo kwimigangatho yamehlo egobileyo okanye imiphezulu enamandla.Uvavanyo lwenombolo yokuvula lufana novavanyo lwe-flatness kuba luthelekisa umphezulu kwindawo yokukhangela kunye ne-collegiate-accurate radius of curvature.Ukusebenzisa umgaqo ofanayo wokuphazamiseka owenziwe ngumsantsa phakathi kwezi ndawo zimbini, ipateni yokuphazamiseka kwemivimbo isetyenziselwa ukubonakalisa ukuphambuka phakathi komgangatho wokuvavanya kunye nomgangatho wokubhekisela.Ukutenxa kwireferensi kuya kuvelisa uthotho lwezangqa ezibizwa ngokuba yiNewton's rings.Okukhona izazinge zininzi, kokukhona kukho ukutenxa.Inani lamakhonkco amnyama okanye aqaqambileyo, kunokuba inani lilonke lamakhonkco omabini amnyama nakhanyayo, lilingana nempazamo yobude obuphindwe kabini.
Ukutenxa
I-irregularity luhlobo lwenkcazo elinganisa ukuchaneka komphezulu kwaye ichaza ukutenxa kwimilo yomphezulu ukusuka kwireferensi yobuso bemilo.I-irgularity ilinganiswa ngendlela efanayo nenombolo yokuvula.I-Irregularity yi-spherical circular streak eyenziwe ngokuthelekisa umphezulu wovavanyo kwindawo yereferensi.Xa umphezulu unenombolo yokuvula engaphezulu kwemivimbo emi-5, kuya kuba nzima ukubona iimilo ezincinci ezingaqhelekanga ezincinci kunomgca omnye.Ngoko ke, kuqhelekile ukucacisa umlinganiselo wenani leendawo zokungena kwi-irregularity of the surface ukuze ibe malunga ne-5: 1.
Umphezulu Gqiba/uburhabaxa bomphezulu
Ukugqitywa komphezulu, okwakwaziwa ngokuba buburhabaxa bomphezulu, kusetyenziswa ukulinganisa izitenxo ezincinci kumphezulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo zibangelwa yinkqubo yokupholisa kakubi.Imiphezulu erhabaxa ikholisa ukuxhathisa i-abrasion ngaphezulu kunendawo egudileyo kwaye isenokungalungeli ezinye iinkqubo, ngakumbi ezo zisebenzisa iilaser okanye kwindawo ezishushu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba nokwenzeka kokwaphuka okuncinci okanye ukungafezeki kwindawo yenucleation.Ukunyamezela imveliso yokugqitywa komphezulu yi-50Å RMS yomgangatho ophakathi, i-20Å RMS yomgangatho ochanekileyo, kunye ne-5Å RMS yomgangatho ophezulu.
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezinzulu, nceda ujonge yethuikhathalogu opticsokanye okanye uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi ngolwazi oluthe kratya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-28-2024
